I am, more or less, agnostic about everything, in that I admit that there is insufficient data necessary to either confirm or deny most theological and mythical constructs, be it God or yeti. But like I said, being of an extremely scientific and therefore naturally skeptic mindset, I am compelled to take into account any evidence for or against a particular idea, and any evidence supporting its opposing ideas, then I approximate the probability of its truthfulness. There is no evidence supporting the existence of werewolves (or Mother Goose, for that matter), which is compounded by the fact that there is no evidence supporting the existence of any supernatural creature (at least no credible evidence), therefore there is a slim-to-none probability that they exist.
Truth is merely the approximation of probabilities. Incidently, this is very similar to Wave Function Theory.
How would you list werewolves, Mother Goose and the xtian god in order from least probable to most probable? For purposes of this exercise assume that the xtian god is omnipotent, omniscient and perfectly benevolent.
« Last Edit: 2003-04-07 10:41:05 by David Lucifer »
Most people that use the word would say a soul is that part of a human that exists before birth and after death. Those that believe in reincarnation would say that one soul could be part of two completely different humans or even part of one or more animals. Does that still agree with the way you defined it?
Yes, in an exact sense. If some part of us persists after death in order to partake in virtual dancing upon clouds or to be reinserted into a new human or animal form (perhaps with some memory cables unplugged) then what else could it be but the information that uniquely describes us as individuals?
Most people seem to have the fuzzy idea that this information is encoded in some kind of energy field or other semi-physical form, but the key is that it is the essence of you. If it enters another body, we would expect that body to suddenly have your personality and your memories. We might expect to be able to animate it in other was, such as to give it the experience of an immortal Heaven -- or Cyberspace :-)
This is one way of contemplating reincarnation that does not look completely stupid, since there is no law of conservation of information. I do not believe that such a structure would naturally be extracted from and reinserted in brains that are realized at a molecular level, but if the universe is actually encoded at a higher level of abstraction then such data structures might be unexpectedly portable.
For example, the metaphysical practice of invoking and evoking spirits could represent the spawning of a temporary copy of the a soul. So when you consult your dead ancestors (or even your living teacher or your invisible friend) you are consulting an actual personality. That is certainly what the experience of divination feels like anyway. Since information can be copied there is no need for your invocation of Alan Turing to rule out my own, nor any restriction from someone like him or Philip K. Dick being reincarnated multiple times or at many different times.
In such a universe, that file would have all the qualities of what we call a "soul." Of course there would be other major ramifications too...
How would you list werewolves, Mother Goose and the xtian god in order from least probable to most probable? For purposes of this exercise assume that the xtian god is omnipotent, omniscient and perfectly benevolent.
As ridiculous as it sounds, the only one I'd even consider is Mother Goose, because like ol' Kris Kringle, she is rumored to have been based on an actual person. I wouldn't, however, consider the fairy tale version of Mother Goose. When dealing with constructs in which there is so little evidence to support them, it is difficult really to rate the likelihood of their existence in relation to one another. In fact, one could posit that it is as difficult to relatively rate unlikely ideas as it is to rate likely ideas. How would I rate the existence of my monitor, mouse, and keyboard relative to one another. I know there is a high probability that they exist, though not absolute (they could be an illusion, I could be in a coma on some sort of Jacob's-Ladder-esque trip). There's so much evidence to support their existence that it would be impossible to say one is more likely than the other. I might argue that since I am experiencing the keyboard through more senses than I am the others (sight, hearing, and touch) that it is more likely to exist, but at any time I could experience the others through the same senses, or all the senses.
I started to go to far off course for a second there. ADHD. The point is, when I say probability, I mean it more intuitively rather than literally or numerically. Like, what's the probability that I'll eat today, or that my car will start, or my mother will call me. For all of those I'd say the probabilities are pretty good. Could I rate them? Well I eat everyday, my car starts everyday (and I keep up on the maintenance), and my mother calls... yes, everyday, so they're all rather equal. Now how would I rate the chances of the Earth spinning chaotically off into the solar system, money growing on the tree in my front yard, or Cameron Diaz showing up wearing nothing but those Underoos she had on in Charlie's Angels? In weighing all the evidence, there's little reason to expect that any of those things will happen that rating them is meaningless.
I more-or-less find all three ideas to be ridiculously infinitesimal possibilities. Though I agree with the standard Atheist argument, that to be omnipotent, omniscient and perfectly benevolent, all at the same time is paradoxical, which I suppose would make the existence of God to be the least likely. As for Mother Goose, well she was never claimed to had existed (other than being modelled after an actual woman), so there's no point to considering her. Now werewolves (to play devil's advocate), besides their scientific improbability (impossibility even)... who knows? It sounds absurd, but we would have said the same thing about the radiowave or the sonic tooth brush a thousand years ago. Who knows what forces may be out there that we just haven't invented the sensors to detect yet. New species are discovered every year, though mostly of the bug variety. Of course, there's absolutely no credible evidence supporting the existence of werewolves in the entire history of mankind, so to believe in them would be moronic. I would suppose I'm more a skeptic than an agnostic.
Most people seem to have the fuzzy idea that this information is encoded in some kind of energy field or other semi-physical form, but the key is that it is the essence of you. If it enters another body, we would expect that body to suddenly have your personality and your memories.
I agree that is what you would expect using your definition of soul, but that is exactly where we run into problems with the common definition. Correct me if I'm wrong, but wouldn't most people who believe in reincarnation say that two people living at different times with very different personalities and no common memories can have the same soul?
I more-or-less find all three ideas to be ridiculously infinitesimal possibilities. Though I agree with the standard Atheist argument, that to be omnipotent, omniscient and perfectly benevolent, all at the same time is paradoxical, which I suppose would make the existence of God to be the least likely. As for Mother Goose, well she was never claimed to had existed (other than being modelled after an actual woman), so there's no point to considering her. Now werewolves (to play devil's advocate), besides their scientific improbability (impossibility even)... who knows? It sounds absurd, but we would have said the same thing about the radiowave or the sonic tooth brush a thousand years ago. Who knows what forces may be out there that we just haven't invented the sensors to detect yet. New species are discovered every year, though mostly of the bug variety. Of course, there's absolutely no credible evidence supporting the existence of werewolves in the entire history of mankind, so to believe in them would be moronic. I would suppose I'm more a skeptic than an agnostic.
I agree with you entirely on the order you presented them. Things that are by definition logically inconsistent are effectively impossible, so we can assume they don't exist without having to look everywhere first. Mother Goose may be logically consistent, but as a cartoon she is physically impossible. Finally the werewolves are not physically impossible, it is just possible to imagine a humanoid tranforming into a nasty canine in the same way that a caterpillar metamophoses into a butterfly. It seems unlikely for mammals to do so, but maybe on another planet with things that resemble mammals superficially. Who knows? Unlikely but certainly not impossible.
I think agnostic means pretty much the same thing as skeptical, you believe things are true only so far as the evidence and your intellect suggests, no more and no less. For that reason I consider myself both an atheist and an agnostic. Atheism is a position on the existence of gods while agnosticism is more of an epistemological position on truth in general. I don't believe the xtian god exists because it in internally logically inconsistent. If you define god as being equivalent to the universe, as some do, then I do believe in that god. For most definitions I have come across the likelihood of their existence falls somewhere between Mother Goose and werewolves.
I agree that is what you would expect using your definition of soul, but that is exactly where we run into problems with the common definition. Correct me if I'm wrong, but wouldn't most people who believe in reincarnation say that two people living at different times with very different personalities and no common memories can have the same soul?
Yes, that's what would happen if a soul were recycled for an indefinite period. Your soul would end up being much older than "you." I believe that even living brains have a mechanism for discarding unused memories (or sometimes used memories :-( ) and, if all goes well, providing new nodes for new memories to form around. (Let's hope so if we're going to have workable life extension.) If that's the case then each lifetime on Earth might end up making a relatively small effect on the overall being that re-emerges after death.
Just because a poet or playwright talks about the soul, and lends their own descriptions, doesn't mean that's what it is.
Just because most people might give vaguely similar, and entirely subjective definitions doesn't mean that they're correct.
Think about how all these same romantics might describe the heart, associating it with what's unique about Man or it being one of the things that separates us from other animals. Quite often the descriptions given for the effects of the soul are exactly the same as descriptions offered for the effects of the heart. "Your mind tells you what is best, but your heart tells you what is right," and romantic crap like that. Of course, we know that biochemistry, and not the heart, is what is responsible for our passions.
Because someone submits to poetic license and renders an emotional definition does not mean that they are right. To say that you can understand what they mean when they refer to "the soul" simply means you can relate to their emotionalism on the topic. Consensus does not equate to truth.
I would say that the common definition of the soul is: whatever makes us "us", from where our passions derive, which existed before our birth and will exist after our death (naturally or supernaturally, not on some trillion terabyte floppy disk), and other spiritualist psychobabble. To say that science will capture the soul by copy our brain patterns is contrary to the common assumption of what the soul is, since the common assumption of the soul is that it transcends physicality. It is the spirit and its formless. To equate this to whatever science can grab from the gray matter would be erroneous.
Really, all this talk of souls is ridiculous. No matter how far we remove ourselves from religion, we still think in religous patterns. Souls. Marriage. Good and evil. Mankind is guilty of the sins of CoV: apathy, dogmatism, and hipocrisy. Combined, we might initiate social revolution through collaboration. Instead we're all here trying to seek validation through agreement or just trying to one-up one another.
[boygoboom] Just because a poet or playwright talks about the soul, and lends their own descriptions, doesn't mean that's what it is.
[Hermit] Sigh. Just because the religious use "soul" one way, does not preclude the perfectly valid use of it in others... It seems to me that allowing the religious to define what words you use and what you mean by them, e.g. an "atheist" is somebody who "believes" there are no gods, or a "soul" outlasts the body, gives the religious altogether to much significance. Particularly when, at least in these cases, many perfectly respectable sources define them differently, and the etymology indicates that the original usage predates the current religious orientations which are being extolled here.
[Ingmar Mergman now takes over the direction of the film and re-invokes one of his greatest triumphs on a low budget. Bare windswept trees starkly silhouetted against the... oh you know. Lots of good sound effects, too: howling wind, howling dogs, howling sabre-toothed field mice. Suddenly we see the Grim Reaper. He is hooded, in a black cloak with a sackcloth jock-strap, and bearing... a scythe.]
[He materializes outside a lowly cottage and strikes the door with his scythe. Geoffrey, who is Marketing Director of Uro-Pacific Ltd, opens the door. From inside the house comes the sound of a dinner party.]
Geoffrey: Yes?
[Pause. The Reaper breathes death-rattlingly.]
Is it about the hedge?
[More breathing.]
Look, I'm awfully sorry but...
Grim Reaper: I am the Grim Reaper.
Geoffrey: I am Death.
Geoffrey: Yes well, the thing is, we've got some people from America for dinner tonight...
[Geoffrey's wife, Angela is coming to see who is at the door. She calls:]
Angela: Who is it, darling?
Geoffrey: It's a Mr Death or something... he's come about the reaping... [To Reaper.] I don't think we need any at the moment.
Angela: [appearing] Hallo. Well don't leave him hanging around outside darling, ask him in.
Geoffrey: Darling, I don't think it's quite the moment...
Angela: Do come in, come along in, come and have a drink, do. Come on...
[She returns to her guests.]
It's one of the little men from the village... Do come in, please. This is Howard Katzenberg from Philadelphia...
Katzenberg: Hi.
Angela: And his wife, Debbie.
Debbie: Hallo there.
Angela: And these are the Portland-Smythes, Jeremy and Fiona.
Fiona: Good evening.
Angela: This is Mr Death.
[There is a slightly awkward pause.]
Well do get Mr Death a drink, darling.
[The Grim Reaper looks a little startled.]
Angela: Mr Death is a reaper.
Grim Reaper: The Grim Reaper.
Angela: Hardly surprising in this weather, ha ha ha...
Katzenberg: So you still reap around here do you, Mr Death?
Grim Reaper: I am the Grim Reaper.
Geoffrey: [sotto voce] That's about all he says... [Loudly] There's your drink, Mr Death.
Angela: Do sit down.
Debbie: We were just talking about some of the awful problems facing the -
[The Grim Reaper knocks the glass off the table. Startled silence.]
Angela: Would you prefer white? I'm afraid we don't have any beer.
Jeremy: The Stilton's awfully good.
Grim Reaper: I am not of this world.
[He walks into the middle of the table. There is a sharp intake of breath all round.]
Geoffrey: Good Lord!
[The penny is beginning to drop.]
Grim Reaper: I am Death.
Debbie: [nervously] Well isn't that extraordinary? We were just talking about death only five minutes ago.
Angela: [even more nervously] Yes we were. You know, whether death is really... the end...
Debbie: As my husband, Howard here, feels... or whether there is... and one so hates to use words like 'soul' or 'spirit'...
Jeremy: But what *other* words can one use...
Geoffrey: Exactly...
Grim Reaper: You do not understand.
Debbie: Ah no... obviously not...
Katzenberg: Let me tell you something, Mr Death...
Grim Reaper: You do not understand!
Katzenberg: Just one moment. I would like to express on behalf of everyone here, what a really unique experience this is...
Jeremy: Hear hear.
Angela: Yes, we're *so* delighted that you dropped in, Mr Death...
Katzenberg: Can I finish please...
Debbie: Mr Death... is there an after-life?
Katzenberg: Dear, if you could just wait please a moment...
Angela: Are you sure you wouldn't like some sherry?
Katzenberg: Angela, I'd like just to say at this time...
Grim Reaper: Be quiet!
Katzenberg: Can I just say this at this time, please...
Grim Reaper: Silence!!! I have come for you.
[Pause as this sinks in. Sidelong glance. A stifled fart.]
Angela: ... You mean to...
Grim Reaper: ... Take you away. That is my purpose. I am Death.
Geoffrey: Well that's cast rather a gloom over the evening hasn't it?
Katzenberg: I don't see it that way, Geoff. Let me tell you what I think we're dealing with here, a potentially positive learning experience...
Grim Reaper: Shut up! Shut up you American. You always talk, you Americans, you talk and you talk and say 'Let me tell you something' and 'I just wanna say this', Well you're dead now, so shut up.
Katzenberg: Dead?
Grim Reaper: Dead.
Angela: All of us??
Grim Reaper: All of you.
Geoffrey: Now look here. You barge in here, quite uninvited, break glasses and then announce quite casually that we're all dead. Well I would remind you that you are a guest in this house and...
[The Grim Reaper pokes him in the eye.]
Grim Reaper: Be quiet! You Englishmen... You're all so fucking pompous and none of you have got any balls.
Debbie: Can I ask you a question?
Grim Reaper: What?
Debbie: ... How can we all have died at the *same* time?
Grim Reaper: [pointing] The salmon mousse! [They all goggle.]
Geoffrey: [to Angela] Darling, you didn't use tinned salmon did you?
Angela: [unbelievably embarrassed] I'm most dreadfully embarrassed...
Grim Reaper: Now, the time has come. Follow... follow me...
[Geoffrey suddenly runs forward with a revolver. He looses four shots at the Grim Reaper from about three feet. They pass through him. Pause. Everyone is rather embarrassed.]
With or without religion, you would have good people doing good things and evil people doing evil things. But for good people to do evil things, that takes religion. - Steven Weinberg, 1999
[boygoboom] I more-or-less find all three ideas to be ridiculously infinitesimal possibilities. Though I agree with the standard Atheist argument, that to be omnipotent, omniscient and perfectly benevolent, all at the same time is paradoxical, which I suppose would make the existence of God to be the least likely.
[Hermit] The problems with omnipotence and omniscience (like that with most of the omnis) is more serious than the problem of mutual exclusion. The very postulation of any of them can be shown to contradict well supported knowledge of the Universe and to imply other things about the nature of the holders of such attributes which even their proposers might find disconcerting, e.g. an omniscient being could not have free-will without creating a paradoxical loop. Thus omniscience implies an inability to think to effect. Ah well, it seems that the gods have an awful lot in common with their followers.
[Hermit] So even to suggest e.g. that an omniscient god might exist somewhere in the Universe that we have not looked simply reflects a belief that an undemonstrated, imaginary attribute which contradicts known attributes of the Universe might actually exist. That takes an awful lot of belief.
[Hermit] The trouble with this is that these attributes are apparently an almost indispensable requirement for godhood as defined in most modern religions - leaving us with the conclusion that gods as defined by most modern religions are indeed impossible, for if they were possible, our Universe would not exist. The fact that our Universe exists thus precludes such attributes - except as imaginary constructs residing purely in what the believers pass off for minds - presumably to impress everyone that their gods are bigger. Like this: [A school chapel.]
Headmaster: And spotteth twice they the camels before the third hour. And so the Midianites went forth to Ram Gilead in Kadesh Bilgemath by Shor Ethra Regalion, to the house of Gash-Bil-Betheul-Bazda, he who brought the butter dish to Balshazar and the tent peg to the house of Rashomon, and there slew they the goats, yea, and placed they the bits in little pots. Here endeth the lesson.
[The Headmaster closes the Bible. the Chaplain rises.]
Chaplain: Let us praise God. Oh Lord...
Congregation: Oh Lord...
Chaplain: Oooh you are so big...
Congregation: Oooh you are so big...
Chaplain: So absolutely huge.
Congregation: So ab - solutely huge.
Chaplain: Gosh, we're all really impressed down here I can tell you.
Congregation: Gosh, we're all really impressed down here I can tell you.
Chaplain: Forgive Us, O Lord, for this dreadful toadying.
Congregation: And barefaced flattery.
Chaplain: But you are so strong and, well, just so super.
Congregation: Fan - tastic.
Headmaster: Amen. Now two boys have been found rubbing linseed oil into the school cormorant. Now some of you may feel that the cormorant does not play an important part in the life of the school but I remind you that it was presented to us by the Corporation of the town of Sudbury to commemorate Empire Day, when we try to remember the names of all those from the Sudbury area so gallantly gave their lives to keep China British. So from now on the cormorant is strictly out of bounds. Oh... and Jenkins... apparently your mother died this morning. [He turns to the Chaplain.] Chaplain.
[The congregation rises and the Chaplain leads them in singing.]
With or without religion, you would have good people doing good things and evil people doing evil things. But for good people to do evil things, that takes religion. - Steven Weinberg, 1999
The main problem with uploading from my perspective is that if it works then I will have a copy in a computer medium (which is good), but I will still be here in physical space and the copy and I will quickly diverge into different minds. It is not a way to immortality.
I'd have to agree with this. John Varley did a really good SFnal treatment of the whole idea in The Ophiuchi Hotline.
I'd have to disagree.
Consider the case where your self/mind/soul is copied into another medium at the moment of your death. No physical you any more to diverge from, just one alleged you, which changes as time goes by (just as the physical you did).
Is the new being (say, Joe) you or not? It seems pretty incoherent to say that "Joe's" identity = "David Lucifer" if you've died, but "false copy" if you're still alive for five more minutes.
I think the whole concept of self and identity is incoherent in the first place. Most of us are quite different from the way we were 10 or 20 years ago. Completely physically different (both in content and form), mentally different (new assumptions, new knowledge, new memories, loss of old memories, loss of old/obsolete knowledge), etc. So what sense does it really make to say Jeff-20-years-ago = the same person as Jeff-today?
And if it doesn't make sense to say Jeff-20-yrs-ago = Jeff-today, then it doesn't really make sense to say Jeff-19-years-ago = Jeff-today, and so on. Deciding Jeff-yesterday = Jeff-today is still false (just less apparently so), and imputing some time limit on how long you're the same person would be arbitrary and meaningless.
Is it any wonder then that we can pose plausible scenarios where our computer selves "aren't really us"? It isn't even clear that our non-computer selves are really us when we take into account the passage of time (which = change).
Because of this, I think a thousand copies of me would all have the same right to "me-ness". Sure, they would diverge, but that doesn't make one more equivalent to Jeff-pre-duplication than any other.
Is it realistic to think that an exact copy of our memories and thought patterns will constitute a copy of us? I would think that the precise geometry of our nervous system has some impact on how we think.
By "precise geometry," I am referring to the interrelation of nerve locales, the chemistry of the nervous system, the actual physical shape of the nerves, the actual shape of the brain, the physical relationships of one brain cell to another, even the molecular geometry of our nervous system.
How much "thought" actually takes place throughout the entire nervous system, not just the brain, and is affected by the actual geometry of the system? If we were to remove the memories and thought patterns from the specific human body in which they were developed and input them into a computer (or maybe, in the distant future, even into another body), wouldn't the geometry of the new host effect the way in which new thoughts and memories were developed, the manner in which new experiences were processed.
Are you losing something by switching bodies? Aren't you, in fact, creating an entirely new being that merely "remembers" the other? Considering some of the geometric factors: the physical relationships of the circuits, the shape and make-up of each digital component, electromagnetic radiation and feedback within the system, and even the materials with which the system was constructed.
And if it doesn't make sense to say Jeff-20-yrs-ago = Jeff-today, then it doesn't really make sense to say Jeff-19-years-ago = Jeff-today, and so on. Deciding Jeff-yesterday = Jeff-today is still false (just less apparently so), and imputing some time limit on how long you're the same person would be arbitrary and meaningless.
I believe this is a logical fallacy. The fact that the boundary between two categories is fuzzy does not imply that the two categories are the same. Consider "hirsute" vs. "bald".
Is it realistic to think that an exact copy of our memories and thought patterns will constitute a copy of us? I would think that the precise geometry of our nervous system has some impact on how we think.
I think the assumption is that whatever aspects of the "precise geometry" that are relevant to the memories, thought patterns and personality would also be copied.
The other assumption is that the kind of material that embodies the information is not relevant. A particular book such as Moby Dick is still Moby Dick whether is is printed on paper or encoded on a CDROM.
I think the assumption is that whatever aspects of the "precise geometry" that are relevant to the memories, thought patterns and personality would also be copied.
That isn't possible, without making a true clone (physiology, biochemistry, etc.).
The other assumption is that the kind of material that embodies the information is not relevant. A particular book such as Moby Dick is still Moby Dick whether is is printed on paper or encoded on a CDROM.
I would guess that this assumption is improper, if not incorrect. Comparing Moby Dick to a human brain is a false analogy, since they are entirely different. The human mind is not simple transcribed data, as a book is. Books don't have personalities, egos, or sub-consciouses. Books are just information, and I agree that the medium for that information does not affect that information. The essense of being human, however, not only encompasses stored data, but how that data is perceived, how it is processed, the emotional and intellectual impacts of the data; all these things are influenced not only by the nature of the data itself, but by genetics, reflexes (which reside in the peripheral nervous system, not the brain), the speed and efficiency of the individual nervous system, and so on. My thoughts are influenced by my brain chemistry, the distance between my neurons, the amount of neurotransmitter in my synapses, etc.
Our exact memories are composed of our brain's interpretation of input received from the five senses (and other "non-sensual" influences, such as pheremones, electromagnetic radiation, etc.), the intensity of which is affected by our physiology (e.g., some see better or slightly different shades of colors as a result of eye physiology, some hear better, the shape of the ear affects the actual tones and pitches heard...). Furthermore, certainly our individual brain physiologies, right down to the genetic level and even the molecular level, effects how we perceive input from our senses. Some people are more emotional, more intelligent, more observant, etc, due to their particular brain physiology. To create an exact copy of any person, his/ her specific and exact physiology would have to be duplicated, because it has a very personal influence, entirely unique to them, on who they are, who they have been, and who they will be.
And if it doesn't make sense to say Jeff-20-yrs-ago = Jeff-today, then it doesn't really make sense to say Jeff-19-years-ago = Jeff-today, and so on. Deciding Jeff-yesterday = Jeff-today is still false (just less apparently so), and imputing some time limit on how long you're the same person would be arbitrary and meaningless.
Is it any wonder then that we can pose plausible scenarios where our computer selves "aren't really us"? It isn't even clear that our non-computer selves are really us when we take into account the passage of time (which = change).
Because of this, I think a thousand copies of me would all have the same right to "me-ness". Sure, they would diverge, but that doesn't make one more equivalent to Jeff-pre-duplication than any other.
- Jeff
Per my previous argument stated above, I would argue that while we might be able to copy memories and brain wave patterns at any given time, duplicating the whole of the human mind is impossible, because that would require copying the whole of the personal physical human experience. To attempt so, indeed, creates an entirely new being, with all the memories and (for the time being) all the mannerisms of the old. The mental development of the new being will unarguably be influenced by the make-up of the system into which it is input.
The human mind is not merely the data stored in the nervous system. It is also, in a way, the nervous system itself.
[quote author=boygoboom] The human mind is not merely the data stored in the nervous system. It is also, in a way, the nervous system itself.
We will just have to agree to disagree then. For my part I think the entire universe is information. Your nervous system contains information coding its history and information coding how it will change subject to various inputs; this might include synapse growth and types, fibre wiring diagrams, algorithms for laying new fibre and for replacing and rewiring dead neurons. It would certainly include dispersal and reaction to hormones and other general-dispersal type neuroagents, including externally introduced drugs.
None of that information is immune to being reverse-engineered and emulated. It might take a very large computer and scanning technology we cannot yet envision and a superb understanding of the workings of the nervous system that we don't yet have, but to say that it is impossible is to make a religious statement of the first order about the nature of reality itself.